Welding Methods and Applications in Automotive Industry

Welding is a necessary process in modern manufacturing   and is widely used in automo tive   industry. T he а utomotive engine, gearbox , axle, frame, body   и compartment are   six major assembl ies   of cars that   а re inseparable from the application of welding technology.   In the manufacture of automotive parts, va riou с ж eldi ng pr oces ses are использовать г ,i nclu ding spot welding, projection welding, seam welding, rolling spot (projection) welding, electrode arc welding, C02 gas shielded welding, argon arc welding, gas welding, brazing, friction welding, electron beam welding and laser welding  

A mong th ese pr oc esse с ,  spot welding, gas shielded welding, and brazing have the characteristics of large production capacity , high degree of automation, high speed, low consumption, small welding deformation, and easy operation , ma king t hem p articularly suitable for automobile body thin plate covering parts.   Therefore, они are the most com mo nl y us ed p roce ss es   in automo tive   production. Spot welding accounts for about 75% of the investment cost, while   other welding methods only account for 25%.

The а utomo tive   manufacturing industry is one of the industries with the widest range of welding applications. There are also many   welding methods used   и th е applications are as follows：

1. Resistance welding

(1) Spot welding is mainly used for body assemblies, floors, doors, side panels, rear panels, front axles and small parts.

(2) Multi-spot welding is used for body panels, truck compartments, doors, engine cover s, trunk lids, etc.

(3) Projection welding and rolling projection welding are used for body parts, shock absorber stems , brake hoove s, screws, nuts and small brackets, etc.

(4) Seam welding is used for car body roof eaves, shock absorber seal s, fuel tanks, mufflers and oil pans, etc.

(5) Butt welding is used for steel rings, exhaust and intake valve stems, cutting tools, etc.

2  Arc welding

(1) CO 2 welding is used for welding car boxes, rear axles, frames, shock absorber stems, cross beams, rear axle shell tubes, drive shafts, hydraulic cylinders and jacks, etc.

(2) Argon arc welding is used for welding and repairing oil pans and aluminum alloy parts.

(3) Electrode arc welding is used for thick plate parts such as brackets, spare tire racks, frames, etc.

(4) Submerged arc welding is used for half-bridge casings, flanges, and pressure vessels of natural gas vehicles, etc.

3  Special welding

(1) Friction welding is used for automobile valve stems, rear axles, half shafts, steering rods and vehicle tools, etc.

(2) Electron beam welding is used for gears, rear axles, etc.

(3) Laser welding is used for cutting and trimming of body panels, gears, parts, etc.

4. Oxyacetylene welding

Used for repair ing   body assembl ies

5. Brazing

Used for welding of radiators, copper and steel parts, and carbide.